Chosen Solution
My iPhone 6 will not charge when connected to power. When plugged in, it does not show the charging icon. It has had the battery replaced, and the charging port flex cable replaced as well. It can still run a phone powered fan though the lightning port, which suggests that the phone can send power through the port still, which remains the question of why it doesn’t do the reverse.
It is funny that should mention the lightning powered fan, because using this accessory is what caused your iPhone to fail in the first case. I personally love these cheap accessories: they generate money for us by bricking customers’ phones! Seriously though, stop using that fan immediately and let a microsoldering techinican repair your iPhone 6’s charging circuit. It is possibly Tristar, Tigris, or a line attached to those two.
First confirm that your charging cable and brick (hopefully their Apple Original, at least for testing purposes) are fully functional on a known-good device. Ideally, you need to know that your replacement parts are in full working condition. Don’t assume that because they’re new that they are good. That said, in the absence of a test device, you may have to assume they are in good working condition. If you have access to a USB Ammeter, you could use that to determine if the phone is really drawing current or not. If the phone still won’t take a charge, then the issue is most likely on the logic board and will require a micro-soldering repair.