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I’m looking to upgrade my laptop with an SSD but I’m wondering if they come preloaded with the latest IOS software or if I have to load that into it myself?
No one offers preloaded drives and frankly, you really don’t want that either as you wouldn’t know if they put some spyware on your drive. You’ll need to prep up an OS installer USB thumb drive before you swap out your drive. Here’s a good reference How to create a bootable macOS Sierra installer drive But before you install your new SSD you’ll want to also replace the HD SATA cable as the cable your system came with is not rated for the newer faster SSD drive and often times they are work from the rough aluminum uppercase. Here’s the part you want MacBook Pro 13" Unibody (Mid 2012) Hard Drive Cable and yes! This is a 2012 version which is the better cable! And here’s the guide you’ll need to follow MacBook Pro 13" Unibody Mid 2012 Hard Drive Cable Replacement. I do recommend you place a strip of electricians tape on the uppercase where the cable crosses over and you don’t want to crease the cable with sharp corners! Instead you want a smooth arc, use a bamboo skewer or a ballpoint pen ink straw to form the radius of the folds.
Depends on the seller. You can request it or if they’re a good seller they’ll do it automatically. If its IFIXIT’s SSD than yes they come with the latest software.